This chart highlights the state laws related to employment rights, including fair employment laws, family responsibilities discrimination (FRD), credit checks, and social media privacy. Check back often, as this chart is updated frequently.
For more information, see our Employment Materials & Resources.
| State | Has Fair Employment Law (Covering Employers With Less Than 15 Employees): | Family Responsibilities Discrimination (FRD) Law | Employees Protected Under FRD Law | Employers Subject to FRD Law | Has Employer Credit Check Law | Has Social Media Privacy law | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALABAMA | No state fair employment law . | No FRD law. | No credit check law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| ALASKA | 1 | https://www.akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp#18.80.220 | Prohibits employers from refusing or barring people from employment, or discriminating against someone, because of their marital status, pregnancy, or parenthood. | Not defined. | Private (1), state, political subdivisions of state | https://www.akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp#18.80.220 | No credit check law. | No social media privacy law. | ||
| ARIZONA | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://www.azleg.gov/viewdocument/?docName=https://www.azleg.gov/ars/41/01463.htm | No FRD law. | No credit check law. | No social media privacy law. | |||||
| ARKANSAS | 9 (but 15 for RAs) | https://advance.lexis.com/documentpage/?pdmfid=1000516&crid=92ec975d-b950-4cc0-8f07-dcfbff226cda&action=pawlinkdoc&pdcomponentid=&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fstatutes-legislation%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A4WVF-M5H0-R03K-03JV-00008-00&pdtocnodeidentifier=AAQAAHAATAABAAI&config=00JAA2ZjZiM2VhNS0wNTVlLTQ3NzUtYjQzYy0yYWZmODJiODRmMDYKAFBvZENhdGFsb2fXiYCnsel0plIgqpYkw9PK&ecomp=h2vckkk&prid=cd7feacb-26df-4f82-b15d-cebd330071bb | No FRD law. | x employers x universities | https://law.justia.com/codes/arkansas/2020/title-11/chapter-2/subchapter-1/section-11-2-124/#:~:text=(1)%20An%20employer%20shall%20not,or%20her%20social%20media%20account. | |||||
| CALIFORNIA | 5 | https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/employment/#looksLikeBody | No FRD law. | x | http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/11-12/bill/asm/ab_0001-0050/ab_22_bill_20111009_chaptered.pdf | x employers x universities | https://law.justia.com/codes/california/code-lab/division-2/part-3/chapter-2-5/section-980/ | |||
| COLORADO | 1 | https://law.justia.com/codes/colorado/title-24/principal-departments/article-34/part-4/section-24-34-402/ | No FRD law. | x | https://cdle.colorado.gov/sites/cdle/files/Colorado%20Employment%20Opportunity%20Act%20%C2%A7%208-2-126%2C%20C.R.S.%20Sept%202019.pdf | x employers | https://cdle.colorado.gov/sites/cdle/files/Social%20Media%20in%20the%20Workplace%20Act%20CRS%20%C2%A7%208-2-127%20%5Baccessible%5D.pdf | |||
| CONNECTICUT | 1 | https://law.justia.com/codes/connecticut/title-46a/chapter-814c/section-46a-60-formerly-sec-31-126/ | Prohibits employers from asking employees and those seeking employment questions relating to their plans for child-bearing, pregnancy, reproductive system, use of birth control, or familial responsibilities. | Not defined | Private (3), state, state political subdivisions | https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_814c.htm#sec_46a-60 | x | https://www.cga.ct.gov/2011/ACT/PA/2011PA-00223-R00SB-00361-PA.htm | x employers | https://law.justia.com/codes/connecticut/title-31/chapter-557/section-31-40x/ |
| DELAWARE | 4 | https://delcode.delaware.gov/title19/c007/sc02/ | Prohibits employers from refusing to hire, limit, or in any other way discriminate (e.g., in terms of pay), against individuals because of their family responsibilities. Also protects pregnant peoples' right to reasonable accommodations. | Caregivers of spouse, parent, or child | Private (4), state, state political subdivisions or board, department, commission or school district | https://delcode.delaware.gov/title19/c007/sc02/ | x | https://legis.delaware.gov/json/BillDetail/GetHtmlDocument?fileAttachmentId=46740 | x employers x universities | https://law.justia.com/codes/delaware/title-19/chapter-7/subchapter-i/section-709a/ |
| *DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | 1 | https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/2-1402.11 | Prohibits employers from discriminating against individuals based on real or percieved family responsibilities, and specifies that pregnant people should not be treated differently than other employees with temporary disabilities. | Caregivers of spouse, adult family members including your own parent, and parents of children | Private (1), city, city government agencies | https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/2-1402.11 | x | x universities | https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/laws/21-218 | |
| FLORIDA | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0700-0799/0760/Sections/0760.10.html | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| GEORGIA | State fair employment law only applies to public employees. Use federal ADA | https://law.justia.com/codes/georgia/2020/title-45/chapter-19/article-2/section-45-19-29/ | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| HAWAII | 1 | https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol07_Ch0346-0398/HRS0378/HRS_0378-0002.htm | No FRD law. | x | http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session2009/bills/HB31_CD1_.pdf | x employers x universities | https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session2021/bills/HB125_HD2_.HTM | |||
| IDAHO | 5 | https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title67/T67CH59/SECT67-5909/ | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| ILLINOIS | 1 | https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs5.asp?ActID=2266 | x | https://legiscan.com/IL/text/HB4658/id/21025 | x employers x universities | http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/documents/082000550K10.htm | ||||
| INDIANA | 6 (but 15 for RAs) | https://law.justia.com/codes/indiana/title-22/article-9/chapter-1/section-22-9-1-2/ | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| IOWA | 4 | https://icrc.iowa.gov/your-rights/iowa-civil-rights-act | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| KANSAS | 4 | https://www.ksrevisor.org/statutes/chapters/ch44/044_010_0009.html | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| KENTUCKY | 8 | https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/chapter.aspx?id=38920 | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| LOUISIANA | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=83879 | No FRD law. | x employers x universities | https://legis.la.gov/Legis/Law.aspx?d=919877 | |||||
| MAINE | 1 | https://legislature.maine.gov/legis/statutes/5/title5sec4572.html | Prohibits employers from failing to hire, refusing to hire, or otherwise discriminating against employees and job applicants because of their "familial status" and from asking questions about "familial status." | Parents of children, caregivers of some adults, pregnant people, and people in the process of securing legal custody of a minor. | Private (1) and government. | https://legislature.maine.gov/legis/statutes/5/title5sec4572.html | x employers | http://legislature.maine.gov/legis/statutes/26/title26sec616.html | ||
| MARYLAND | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://law.justia.com/codes/maryland/2010/state-government/title-20/subtitle-6/20-606 | No FRD law. | x | https://labor.maryland.gov/labor/wages/essjobappfairness.shtml | x employers x universities | https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=gle§ion=3-712&enactments=false | |||
| MASSACHUSETTS | 6 | https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXXI/Chapter151B/Section4 | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| MICHIGAN | 1 | https://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(1wvsywc4tapzcole4mjjx0ym))/mileg.aspx?page=getObject&objectname=mcl-37-2202 | No FRD law. | x employers x universities | http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(z0c0smyaquiypszmm2tzgqae))/mileg.aspx?page=GetObject&objectname=mcl-Act-478-of-2012 | |||||
| MINNESOTA | 1 | https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/363A.08 | Prohibits employers from asking questions about and discriminating against people based on "familial status." This includes refusing to hire someone and creating a work environment that unreasonably excludes someone. Employers also cannot treat people affected by pregnancy differently than similarly-disabled individuals. | Parents or guardians living with at least one minor, pregnant people, and people in the process of securing legal custody of a minor. | Private (1); state; state departments, agencies, and political subdivisions | https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/363A.08 | No social media privacy law. | |||
| MISSISSIPPI | State fair employment law only applies to public employees. Use federal ADA | https://law.justia.com/codes/mississippi/title-25/chapter-9/personnel-administration-system/section-25-9-149/ | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| MISSOURI | 6 | https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=213.055&bid=34594&hl= | No FRD law | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| MONTANA | 1 | https://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/title_0490/chapter_0020/part_0030/section_0030/0490-0020-0030-0030.html | No FRD law. | x employers | https://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/title_0390/chapter_0020/part_0030/section_0070/0390-0020-0030-0070.html | |||||
| NEBRASKA | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://neoc.nebraska.gov/laws/laws.html | No FRD law. | x employers | https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=48-3503 | |||||
| NEVADA | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-613.html#NRS613Sec330 | No FRD law. | x | http://www.leg.state.nv.us/Session/77th2013/Bills/SB/SB127.pdf | x employers | https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/NRS/NRS-613.html#NRS613Sec135 | |||
| NEW HAMPSHIRE | 6 | https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXXI/354-A/354-A-7.htm | No FRD law. | x employers x universities | http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXIII/275/275-74.htm | |||||
| NEW JERSEY | 1 | https://www.njoag.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/NJ-Law-Against-Discrimination_11.12.21.pdf | State employees should be offered an equal opportunity for employment regardless of "familial status" (not defined), including in hiring, training, promotion, and layoff. | Not defined | State employees | https://www.state.nj.us/csc/about/about/regulations/pdf/Chapter%207%20Adoption%20Notice.pdf | x employers x universities | https://repo.njstatelib.org/bitstream/handle/10929.1/24658/L2013c155.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y | ||
| NEW MEXICO | 4 | https://nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/item/4365/index.do#28-1-7 | No FRD law. | x employers x universities | https://www.nmlegis.gov/Sessions/13 Regular/final/SB0422.pdf | |||||
| NEW YORK | 1 | https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EXC/296 | Includes family status as a protected category under employment discrimination law, prohibiting employers from discriminating against parents with children and from refusing reasonable accomodations for people navigating "pregnancy-related conditions." | Parents of children | Private (4), state, political subdivisions | https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EXC/296 | New social media privacy law goes into effect March 2024. Covers private employers, public schools and government entities. | https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2023/S2518/amendment/A#:~:text=2023%2DS2518A%20(ACTIVE)%20%2D,through%20specified%20electronic%20communications%20devices. | ||
| NORTH CAROLINA | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/PDF/ByArticle/Chapter_143/Article_49A.pdf | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| NORTH DAKOTA | 1 | https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t14c02-4.pdf | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| OHIO | 4 | https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-4112.02 | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| OKLAHOMA | 1 | https://govt.westlaw.com/okjc/Browse/Home/Oklahoma/OfficialOklahomaStatutes?guid=N13F61CB0C38311DB8F04FB3E68C8F4C5&originationContext=documenttoc&transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default) | No FRD law. | x employers | http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=473604 | |||||
| OREGON | 1 (but 6 for RAs) | Oregon Revised Statutes § 659A.030 (2023) - Discrimination because of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, marital status, age or expunged juvenile record prohibited. :: 2023 Oregon Revised Statutes :: U.S. Codes and Statutes :: U.S. Law :: Justia | No FRD law. | x | https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws | x employers x universities | https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors659A.html | |||
| PENNSYLVANIA | 4 | https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/LI/uconsCheck.cfm?txtType=HTM&yr=1955&sessInd=0&smthLwInd=0&act=222&chpt=0&sctn=5&subsctn=0 | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| *PUERTO RICO | No FRD law. | |||||||||
| RHODE ISLAND | 4 | http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/Statutes/title28/28-5/28-5-7.HTM | No FRD law. | x | x employers x universities | https://law.justia.com/codes/rhode-island/title-28/chapter-28-56/section-28-56-2/ | ||||
| SOUTH CAROLINA | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t01c013.php | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| SOUTH DAKOTA | 1 | https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/20-13 | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| TENNESSEE | 8 (but 15 for RAs) | https://law.justia.com/codes/tennessee/title-4/chapter-21/part-4/section-4-21-401/ | No FRD law. | x employers | https://law.justia.com/codes/tennessee/2021/title-50/chapter-1/part-10/section-50-1-1003/?current=1 | |||||
| TEXAS | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/LA/htm/LA.21.htm | No FRD law. | No social media privacy law. | ||||||
| UTAH | 15+ employees (same as ADA) | https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title34A/Chapter5/34A-5-S106.html?v=C34A-5-S106_2016051020160510 | No FRD law. | x employers x universities | https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title34/Chapter48/34-48-S201.html?v=C34-48-S201_1800010118000101 | |||||
| VERMONT | 1 | https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/21/005/00495 | No FRD law. | x | http://www.leg.state.vt.us/docs/2012/bills/Passed/S-095.pdf | x employers + Commissioned a study | https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/21/005/00495l | |||
| VIRGINIA | 5 | https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title2.2/chapter39/ | No FRD law. | x employers x universities | http://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/40.1-28.7:5 | |||||
| WASHINGTON | 8 | https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=49.60.180 | No FRD law. | x | https://apps.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=19.182.020 | x employers | http://apps.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=49.44.200 | |||
| WEST VIRGINIA | 12 | https://hrc.wv.gov/about/Documents/Human%20Rights%20Act.pdf | No FRD law. | x employers | https://code.wvlegislature.gov/21-5H-1/#:~:text=CHAPTER%2021.,-LABOR&text=%C2%A721%2D5H%2D1.,potential%20employee%20personal%20accounts%20prohibited.&text=(3)%20Compel%20an%20employee%20or,to%20access%20a%20personal%20account. | |||||
| WISCONSIN | 1 | https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/111/ii/31 | x employers x universities | http://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/995/55 | ||||||
| WYOMING | 2 | https://advance.lexis.com/documentpage/?pdmfid=1000516&crid=87e9e660-f9b8-40c9-8650-5d86a17e2013&action=pawlinkdoc&pdcomponentid=&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fstatutes-legislation%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A56VF-H0W1-73WF-6062-00008-00&pdtocnodeidentifier=ABBAAKAAG&config=00JABmMTEzODA5Zi0wOWExLTQ3NTAtOThmNy0xYjc5ZjUwYzRkZmIKAFBvZENhdGFsb2f3sjqEYfYX7EMD8yWYBYCu&ecomp=h2vckkk&prid=0177acae-3b88-454c-8941-af0c1400ce19 | No FRD law. | 2 | Wyoming Statutes § 27-9-105 (2024) - Discriminatory and Unfair Employment Practices Enumerated; Limitations. :: 2024 Wyoming Statutes :: U.S. Codes and Statutes :: U.S. Law :: Justia | No social media privacy law. | ||||
| GUAM | x employers | http://www.guamcourts.org/CompilerofLaws/GCA/22gca/22gc003.PDF | ||||||||
| Last Updated | 3/2024 | 3/2024 | 3/2024 | 3/2024 | 3/2024 | 3/2024 | 3/2024 | 3/2024 | 3/2024 | 3/2024 |